September 30, 2004 — CSO — 1971 Vietnam vet John Draper uses the giveaway whistle in a Cap'n Crunch cereal box and a homebuilt "blue box" to make free phone calls. When Esquire publishes a how-to guide for making blue boxes, incidents of wire fraud in the United States skyrocket.
1972 College kids Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, future founders of Apple Computer, launch a home business making and selling blue boxes
1981 The Chaos Computer Club forms in Germany and becomes one of the most influential hacker organizations in Europe.
1983 In Milwaukee, six teenagers go on a hacking spree lasting several months, during which they break into computers at high-profile institutions such as the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
1983 The movie War Games opens in theaters.
1984 Congress passes the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, making it a crime to break into computer systems.
1987 The hacker mag Decoder launches in Italy.
1988 Kevin Mitnick secretly monitors the e-mail of MCI and Digital Equipment Corp. security officials. He is charged with causing $4 million in damage to a Digital Equipment Corp. computer, stealing a highly secret computer security system and gaining access to unauthorized MCI long-distance codes through university computers in Los Angeles and England. Mitnick serves five months in prison and six months in a rehab program. He goes on the run in late 1992, when the FBI searches for him for alleged parole violations.
1989 Hackers in West Germany are arrested for breaking into U.S. corporate and government systems and selling OS source code to the KGB.
1991 Rumors are rampant that a virus called Michelangelo will crash computers on March 6, 1992, the artist's 517th birthday. Nothing happens.
1994 Russian hackers, led by Vladamir Levin, siphon $10 million from Citibank and disperse it to bank accounts around the world. Levin is caught, and all but $400,000 is recovered.
1997 The Brotherhood of Warez, a Canadian hacker group, breaks into the Canadian Broadcasting website.
1997 A 15-year-old Croatian breaks into computers at a U.S. Air Force base in Guam.
1998 A 19-year-old Israeli hacker, Ehud Tenebaum, leads a string of break-ins into Pentagon computers and steals software programs. Tenebaum is arrested but is later appointed to be chief technology officer of a computer consulting firm.
1998 Two hackers are sentenced to death in China for breaking into a bank's computer network and stealing the equivalent of $31,325.
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